General Electric (GE), a multinational technology corporation, was founded by Thomas Alva Edison in 1889, in Schenectady, New York, USA. Please enter a keyword and click the arrow to search the site, How the man behind the Chinese goliath keeps innovating. Jobs, pioneered devices such as iMacs, iPods, iPhones, iTunes, and iPads and initiated projects such as Pixar and Apple computers [18]. This type of leadership is best used when there is a big change in the company or a clear direction is needed. Ia dilahirkan dari seorang ibu yang bernama Huiqing Huang dan seorang ayah yang bernama Ma Chensu. The original term transformational already implies the existence of some entity that experiences transformation, and it is not so suitable in the context of completely new startups [7, 19]. By giving the project the green light, Ma, in eect, gave Zhang full licence to cannibalise the existing QQ product. Some Jobs words, recorded in the mentioned documentary Triumph of the Nerds [45], can give a sense of his ability for creating positive and inspirational visions [18]: To me, the spark of that (birth of personal computer industry in Silicon Valley in the early seventies) was that it was something beyond the sort of you see every day. If you havent registered yet, please register and log in. The only large-enough Western European disruptively successful company that also met the criteria was the Spanish firm Inditexnumber 67 as per market capitalization [29]. The study described in this chapter explores how some leadership models may be linked to some exceptional occurrences, such as disruptive success. This label can be applied to startups or more maturebut not yet elitecompanies that, at some point, grew fast and became world leaders in a period of less than 20years. Ma himself . Skill based approach emphasizes the leader's technical, human, and conceptual. Superlatives attach themselves to Pony Ma and Tencent, the Chinese technology juggernaut the 46-year-old entrepreneur cofounded and leads as CEO. Therefore, the framework that appeared to suit the best in terms of analyzing environments that combine entrepreneurship and innovation is that of visionary leadership [20, 21, 22]. In 1999, Mas company launched QQ service (then called OICQ), which quickly became Chinas most popular instant-messaging platform. On being an innovator: Invention is not enough. Inditex ranked 67 in the global top 100 as per market capitalization [29]. Ma Huateng. Visionary leaders are those who inspire extraordinary levels of achievement in followers through an inspiring vision and through other behaviors [2]. The leader has grown Tencents using transformational leadership style, which is also in line with his vision in the direction of continuous innovation, encouraging employees to experiment and has provided a unique model to inculcate the innovative spirit. A strategy of continuous renewal Logical incrementalism All five leaders had a clear sense of where they wanted to lead their companies but theirs was not a grand vision, rather a sequence of goals Ma gave Zhang permission to go ahead despite other teams, including QQ, plugging away on similar products. In 2003, Jack Ma created a new company, the consumer-to-consumer online marketplace Taobao (meaning Chinese in searching for treasure). Ma Huateng Overview CB Rank (Person) 260,188 Jobs Number of Current Jobs 1 Ma Huateng is the CEO at WeChat. Ma studied computer science at Shenzhen University, where he earned (1993) a Bachelor of Science degree. In 1859, Edison quit school and began working as a train boy on the railroad between Detroit and Port Huron. With that purpose, they devised a new type of search engine tool to track the backing links of each site. Ma studied computer science at Shenzhen University, where he earned (1993) a Bachelor of Science degree. Ma led research and development of Internet paging system development at China Motion Telecom Development before starting Tencent in 1998. Its business roughly splits into three. Based on our data team's research, Ma Huateng is the Tencent's CEO. Sceptics of the BATs and FANGs of this world could argue that the internet made survival easy even too easy. Chinese internet entrepreneur (born 1971), "Bloomberg Billionaires Index: Ma Huateng", "Pony Ma, the global strategist with deep pockets", "Tencent posts 69 percent jump in quarterly net profit; becomes the most valuable company in Asia", Investing in China: The Emerging Venture Capital Industry, "The 100 Most Influential People in the World", Biographical Dictionary of New Chinese Entrepreneurs and Business Leaders, Pg. [31] After the company raised $200 million in June's IPO, Ma quickly became one of the richest people in China's telecom industry. As a youth in A Corua, Galicia, in northwestern Spain, Amacio Ortega gained an entry into the garment business by working as a delivery boy for a mens shirt store and assistant in a tailors shop. In order to choose the specific companies or cases, disruptively successful firms, the following three criteria were applied: (1) the pool of chosen companies should be located in, at least, three different geographical realms i.e. Published Wed, Oct 23 2019 12:35 PM EDT Updated Tue, Feb 25 2020 5:06 PM EST. Pony is Mas nickname, which comes from the English version of his surname Ma, which means horse. Ma is known for his reclusive lifestyle and rarely appears in the public. Some of the main elements of his leadership style included effective communication, involvement, innovation, risk-taking, passion, and focus. Let China's internet giants tell you", "Ma vs. Ma: The most expensive house in Hong Kong belongs to one of China's internet kings - but is it Jack or Pony? However, the company failed to attain technological zeal and . Pages personality traits, like his introverted tendencies, may not fit the profile of a charismatic leader [55, 56, 58, 60], but he definitively does in that of a visionary leader. Unlike other studies [1, 2, 3, 30, 31, 32], the presented multi-case study focuses on a very specific business context: that of the creation of exceptionally successful firms such as Apple, Google, Facebook, or Tencent. On the opposite, transactional leaders, which frequently are less successful in terms of outcomes [5], usually adopt four possible approaches which are (1) contingency rewardrewards in exchange of support, (2) management by exception (active)monitoring and just acting when a corrective deed is necessary, (3) management by exception (passive)no monitoring and just acting when a corrective deed is necessary, and (4) laissez faireleadership avoidance [6, 7]. Ma's leadership style changed from transactional leadership to transformational leadership. Tencent subsequently gained the backing of two overseas venture-capital firms, and in June 2004 the firm raised nearly $200 million when it went public on the Hong Kong stock exchange. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. League Business Leader. 2 on China's 100 Richest last yearsaw his net worth tumble to $49.1 billion this year, as Beijing tightened rules on the countrys internet companies. On being an innovator: People think innovation is just having a good idea but a lot of it is just moving quickly and trying a lot of things [75]. Based on this history, there is no doubt that Taiichi Ohno was a visionary, an innovator, and a pioneer [18]. 5. Ma Huateng is renowned for his reclusive lifestyle and seldom appears in public. He is said to own property in Hong Kong as well as art worth $150 million. Ma asks people to try bravely, without hesitation, which is how WeChat came about. Satya Nadella is a leader on the risefor the last five years, he's served as the CEO of Microsoft, quickly earning a name for himself in the world beyond tech. [30] He also worked for Shenzhen Runxun Communications Co. Ltd. () in the research and development department for Internet calling services. In that trip, he visited one of the supermarkets of the Piggly Wiggly chain [84, 85]. Tecent also operated the social networking site Qzone, which boasted more than 670 million monthly active users in 2015, making it the worlds third largest social network, behind only Facebook and YouTube. In 2017, Fortune ranked him as among the top businessmen of the year. One is Alibaba founder Jack Ma, who is fairly well known in the States, and the other is Ma Huateng, . Yet, Chinese business leaders including Jack Ma (Alibaba), Lei Jun (Xiaomi), Ma Huateng (Tencent) and Wang Jianlin (Wanda) have successfully reversed the prevailing cultural prejudice. This is the first search effort that proves the link between the visionary leadership framework and firms that experienced disruptive successunicorns. Tencent CEO Ma Huateng, also known as Pony Ma, started out making $176 a month and now has a net worth of $45 billion. Owing to its continual innovation, its a fearsome competitor and has long sat at the same table as Western tech giants. The other most plausible alternative option, direct interviews or direct surveys, would not have been doable, given the challenge of obtaining response from a large number of highly profiled business leaders. At 49 years old, he is the Chairman of Tencent, a company listed amongst the biggest companies in the world by the . He summarised seven deadly sins of product managers, saying that developers undermine their products by convoluting them beyond recognition: Spending core resources and time repeatedly on the optimisation of the obvious characteristics is basically the mania of novice internet entrepreneurs.. [24][25], Ma was born in Chaoyang, Shantou, Guangdong. Looking at the history of Alibaba, Jack Ma is good at adapting new strategies to gain . He reportedly owns property in Hong Kong and art pieces worth US$150 million. And how do we create it? By 1889, he had full ownership or participation in many electricity-related companies that got then merged. All Rights Reserved. Ma Huateng (Chinese: ; pinyin: M Hutng, born on October 29, 1971), also known as Pony Ma,[2] is a Chinese billionaire business magnate. The definition of entrepreneurial leadership can be traced back to different theories about entrepreneurship [14], entrepreneurial orientation [15, 16], and entrepreneurial management [16]. [43] References [ edit] On his role as a supporter of organized learning and growth inside the organization: My job as a leader is to make sure everybody in the company has great opportunities, and that they feel theyre having a meaningful impact and are contributing to the good of society. Closer to home, in 2010 Alibaba blocked Baidus internet crawlers from its website. Yizhou Chen originated from government, therefore he took care of HR, legal, administration and government relations, Ma explained. Taking into consideration the profile that could be expected in the context of startups and an innovation-led context [1, 2, 3], best framework candidates for further evaluation would be (1) transformational leadership, (2) charismatic leadership, (3) entrepreneurial leadership, and (4) visionary leadership. The key leadership style of Ma Huateng is transformational, as he has been able to inspire his employees to achieve great things Autocratic leaders make all the decisions without consulting their followers. Through its participative leadership, Tencent is able to enhance employee motivation, and increase organizational commitment and ownership amongst employees as well as other stakeholders. He was born in 50 years old as of 29 October 2021. [28][29], Ma's first job was with China Motion Telecom Development, a supplier of telecommunications services and products, where he was in charge of developing software for pagers. On being a pioneer: Lots of companies dont succeed over time. On the back of ballooning mobile use by 2012 China could boast that 89% of the population were users, more than in all European countries combined WeChat soared. Rev. Yet few, in the West at least, have heard of it. Edison took advantage of the opportunity to learn telegraphy and, in 1863, he became an apprentice telegrapher. Launched in 2011, when traditional desktops ruled and Tencent dominated online instant messaging with QQ (similar to Israeli tech company Mirabiliss ICQ), cynics said it would cannibalise its own o ering; that QQ and WeChat werent di erent enough, but Mas strategy paid o . The success of Inditexand H&M, its main competitoris ultimately based on a revolutionary innovation called fast fashion [77]. Ineciencies and inertia creep in. Education Graduate, Computer Science, Shenzhen University. As well as empowering younger employees to take the lead, Ma and his team put in place simple rules. QQ and Facebook reigned supreme in the PC era and were modied to suit mobile. These two leadership styles shaped Tencent's markethierarchy orientation culture and teamwork\innovation orientation culture respectively. That social media post reflected an uncharacteristic step for the Tencent founder, who has kept a low profile in recent years amid China's regulatory crackdowns. He didnt have grand ambitions to build a great enterprise. Founders were two students of Stanford University, Sergey Brin, and Larry Page [48]. Lulu Chen's book charts how the success of WeChat has placed Pony Ma's. 3% of Tencent management is Hispanic or Latino. Everything started in 1995, during a trip to the USA, when Jack Ma learned for the first time about website portals and Internet. He is the founder, chairman, and CEO of Tencent, one of Asias most valuable corporations, one of the worlds largest Internet and technology companies, as well as one of the worlds largest investment, gaming, and entertainment conglomerates. Amancio Ortega, who was the one that directly conceived and engineered the above-mentioned business model, clearly is an innovator and a pioneer [18]. Jack Ma, the former English teacher who founded Alibaba, is the antithesis of his namesake: fting world leaders, setting bold targets and his penchant for shooting from the hip leave his minders. Tencent has 85,858 employees, of which 46 are in a leadership position. Ma Huateng. Otherwise it might lead to hearsay, libel and argument among citizens - not to mention between countries. He was born in the Chaoyang District of Shantou, China, on October 29, 1971. We should not give up the dream of scoring stunning goals in the science and technology . During the second quarter of 2020, the company posted net sales (revenue) of RMB 114.83 billion. China, Industria de Diseo Textil, S.A. (Inditex, owner of Zara and other clothing retailing chains); Amancio Ortega. Zhang emailed Ma asking for permission to create a competitor to Kik Messenger, founded in 2009 by a group of students from the University of Waterloo in Canada. Past attempts at breaking the international market alone havent fared well. Tencents market hierarchy and teamwork innovation orientation cultures were shaped by these two leadership styles, respectively. Please try again later. From 1977 to 1985, Apple was managed by six Chief Executive Officers (Finkle & Mallin, 2010). On February 4, 2004, Mark Zuckerberg, a Harvard student, launched the facebook.com, a directory in which fellow students entered their information and photos into a template. [40], According to the official Tencent website, Ma is a deputy to the 5th Shenzhen Municipal People's Congress and served in the 12th National People's Congress. It is a system that says there is no limit to peoples creativity. Wang Dan-ting is the wife of one of China's richest men, Ma Huateng, the founder of Tencent and QQ. He started off by improving his communication skills and also learned English. This model gave Ohno ideas on how to reduce inventory and simplify assembly lines [84, 86, 87]. [32], At Ma's behest, Tencent launched in 2005 the C2C platform Paipai.com (), a direct competitor to e-commerce giant Alibaba. Miliao could only release one version per month, he noted. Tencent wants to enable greater connectivity across Chinese industry, leveraging the capabilities and expertise it has built to serve the billion-plus users of its consumer-facing platforms,. He then worked in research and development for China Motion Telecom Development Ltd. before founding (1998) Tencent with several friends. That gave Toyota an edge in terms of productivity and quality [86, 87]. He believes in leading a transformational leading style by giving an affable environment to his employees. In 1956, Ohno visited the USA to learn their supply and inventory methods. Reshma Saujani, as shown above, is a champion for girls and women. Larry Page met Sergey Brin when Larry entered the doctorate program at Stanford. By setting the right cultural tone. The evidences all seem to point to a conclusion that Jack Ma is an effective leader who has a seemingly well-developed emotional intelligence and flexible leadership style. The article Entrepreneurial leadership: developing and measuring a cross-cultural construct [17] compares all the theories about leadership and entrepreneurship. Under Ma s leadership, Tencent has moved into web portals, social networks, multi-player online games and e-commerce, making the company today an Internet powerhouse and China s number one brand. Its about the people you have, how youre led, and how much you get it [47]. By partnering with Silicon Valleys favoured few, Tencent can enjoy exclusive invitations to the global party. Based on the streamlined approach to replenishment, Ohno devised the Toyota Production System, which is more broadly known as lean manufacturing or Just-In-Time (JIT) inventory system. [32], Talking about the founding of Tencent, he told China Daily in a 2009 interview that "If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants", paraphrasing a quote attributed to Isaac Newton and referencing the similarities between ICQ and OICQ. Facebook was banned in China in July 2009, the same year WhatsApp launched. Internet giant Tencent founder and CEO of Ma Huateng, worth $50 billion, has surpassed Alibaba Co-Founder Jack Ma 's $48 billion fortune to become China's richest person, according to the. April 6, 2021. Tencent is among the largest video game, social media, venture capital, and investment corporations in the world [93]. Bill Gates clearly fits in the description of an innovator, a pioneer, and a supporter of organized learning and growth [45, 67, 71, 72, 73]. In 2004, Tencent launched an online gaming platform and started selling virtual goods to support the games published on that platform (weapons, gaming power), as well as emoticons and ringtones. Still, Tencent has surged ahead and left national rivals like Baidu behind. Ma also has sharp design insight. The described multi-case study found the four attributes that define visionary leaders (creators of a positive and inspirational vision; supporters of organized learning and growth inside the organization; innovators; pioneers) in the nine studied cases. There are few companiessimilar to Apple, Microsoft, or Googlethat are really disruptively successful over the span of, for instance, a decade, so it is not possible to collect enough samples as to conduct a statistical study. Nationality Chinese. No exceptions, said Bezos. Two months later, one team presented WeChat, a text messaging and group chat software that was released in January 2011. Younger employees understand what people want. The companys influence on the Chinese market was immense. He is also a business leader. Red Packets are a good example. As for external competition, Tencent has experienced plenty. In November 2017, his net worth briefly surpassed that of Larry Page and Sergey Brin (individually) ranking him the ninth richest man in the world, and the first citizen from China to enter Forbes' top 10 richest list,[20][21][22][23] though the net worth of Page and of Brin have each since eclipsed that of Ma. At a tech conference in Singapore, I discussed censorship. From mobile payments to taxi hailing, users can live their lives on one app. In terms of actively supporting internal growth: When you go out into the workplace, you should be looking for things that you can do for your people there. Childhood & Early Life. We lack people with dreams, who can die for those dreams; For most people, they see and believe. Ma quickly embraced open-source software. Tencent embraced mobile and moved with the times. That's why the need for online management is increasingly urgent. Once, he said: At Tencent, we may be businessmen, but we are still chasing our IT, our science. In 2007, 2014,[6] and 2018, Time magazine named him one of the world's most influential people,[7] while in 2015, Forbes credited him as one of the world's most powerful people. [Photo by Tang Mingming/For China Daily] NPC deputy believes digital economy could become the engine driving China's next phase of development, affecting many sectors [42] Ma Huateng's wealth comes from the 9.7 percent stake in Tencent Holdings. He is the co-founder and chief executive officer of Tencent Holdings, a Chinese technology conglomerate and holding company that is best known for its instant messaging app WeChat and also for mobile gaming. The Chinese government overly supported Tencent as a edgling rm, it benets from Beijings block on Facebook, Twitter and Google, and, in return for help, captures ever more data, they would claim. Pony Ma, the low-profile founder of tech giant Tencent Holdings, created a social media stir over the weekend by reposting an article on China's economy, an unusual breaking of silence by a . Jobs was raised by adoptive parents in Cupertino, Californiain Silicon Valley. Jack Ma. The article concludes that leadership style impacts corporate culture and that the evolution of leadership style has an impact on corporate culture change. Resour. Analysts estimate that more than two thirds of the almost 1.4 billion population use Tencent. After giving a quick review of state-of-the-art of the leadership research and theories [1], this chapter shortlists, briefly explains, and finally analyzes the candidate frameworks and chooses the apparently most suitable one. Then, his two roommates, Chris Hughes and Dustin Moskovitz, helped him add a few features and they made Facebook available to other universities [74]. He reportedly owns property in Hong Kong and art pieces worth US$150 million. Enjoy reading!! But imitation, when executed well, is a valid form of innovation. As Steve Jobs, Mas idol, once quipped, If you dont cannibalise yourself, someone else will. 2.0Leadership Style of Pony Ma Huateng When starting-up of Tencent Company, Pony Ma was a transactional leader who leads his subordinates through transactions which is more emphasize on quality of product and the relationship with employees is more like in contract form. However, less work has been done in terms of determining which frameworks would suit better some particular organizational outputs.
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